Losses can be prevented by following good practices, as outlined above. There is also a wide range of post-harvest technologies that can be adopted to reduce losses throughout the production process: pre-harvest, harvesting, cooling, temporary storage, transportation, handling, and distribution to market. Recommended technologies vary depending on the type of loss experienced.
However, all interventions must be cost-effective. In theory, it should be possible to substantially reduce losses, but in practice it may be prohibitive. This is especially true for small farms, where reducing losses is essential but expensive and labor-intensive technologies are difficult to afford.
Source: wikipedia.org